![]() ![]() The reaction with water produces very caustic sodium hydroxide and highly flammable hydrogen gas. While sodium metal reacts with water, you can observe that the sodium piece melts with the heat of the reaction to form a perfect sphere shape if the reacting sodium is small enough. ![]() ![]() Sodium reacts exothermically with water: small pea-sized pieces will swim around the surface of the water until they are consumed by it, whereas large pieces will explode. Owing to its high reactivity, sodium is found in nature only as a compound and never as the free element. However, potassium is less dense than sodium. The density of the elements are expected to increase down the group. An exception to the periodic law is regarding sodium's density. the reactivity of their nitrates, chlorates, perchlorates, etc. It is also a component of many earthly minerals, and it is an essential element for animal life.Ĭompared with the other alkali metals, sodium is generally more reactive than lithium and less so than potassium, in accordance with " periodic law": for example, their reaction in water, chlorine gas, etc. Sodium is present in great quantities in the earth's oceans as sodium chloride. Sodium quickly oxidizes in air so it must be stored in an inert environment such as kerosene. Sodium was first isolated by Sir Humphry Davy in 1807 by passing an electric current through molten sodium hydroxide. Sodium is a soft, silvery, highly reactive element and is a member of the alkali metals within "group 1" (formally known as ‘group IA’). Sodium ( IPA: /ˈsəʊdiəm/) is a chemical element which has the symbol Na (Latin natrium), atomic number 11, atomic mass 22.9898 g/mol, oxidation number +1. ![]()
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